Diabetes and alternative medicine: cause for concern
In Plain Language: diabetes, explained
'Alternative' medicines are becoming increasingly popular, and in this paper we describe our experience with alternative approaches to orthodox diabetes management. Four patients with insulin-dependent diabetes reduced or stopped their insulin in favour of therapeutic approaches including prayer, faith healing, unusual diets, and supplements of vitamins and trace elements. This resulted in ketoacidosis in three, in one case life-threatening; and weight loss and hyperglycaemia in the other. One patient developed serious retinopathy. Additionally, eight other types of alternative diabetic treatment are described, not as far as we know associated with such serious complications. These include homeopathy, reflexology, meditation, herbal treatment, 'cellular nutrition', 'subconscious healing', 'pearl therapy' (drinking milk in which pearls have been boiled) and 'astrotherapy' (typing pieces of coral around the arm). Diabetes is a chronic incurable disease, for which modern treatments remain somewhat unsatisfactory. It is therefore perhaps not surprising that some patients seek alternative treatments with more attractive claims. Diabetes health professionals need to be aware of the potential dangers associated with some of these treatments.
Key Findings: what this case study found about diabetes
- ✓Four insulin-dependent diabetic patients who discontinued insulin in favor of alternative medicine approaches experienced serious adverse outcomes including ketoacidosis in three patients and hyperglycemia with weight loss in one patient.
- ✓Discontinuation of insulin for alternative treatments resulted in life-threatening ketoacidosis in at least one case and development of serious retinopathy in another patient.
- ✓Multiple alternative diabetic treatments including homeopathy, reflexology, meditation, herbal treatment, and others are being used despite lack of evidence for their efficacy in managing diabetes.
What This Means for You
If you have diabetes, do not use reflexology or other alternative treatments as a replacement for insulin or prescribed diabetes medications, as case reports show this can cause dangerous complications.
What This Means for Practitioners
Reflexologists should be aware that diabetic clients may be using reflexology as an alternative to medical treatment and should strongly encourage them to maintain prescribed diabetes care and consult their doctor before making any changes.
Study Design: how this case study was run
Diabetes: common questions
What does this study say about diabetes?
If you have diabetes, do not use reflexology or other alternative treatments as a replacement for insulin or prescribed diabetes medications, as case reports show this can cause dangerous complications.
What did this study find?
Four insulin-dependent diabetic patients who discontinued insulin in favor of alternative medicine approaches experienced serious adverse outcomes including ketoacidosis in three patients and hyperglycemia with weight loss in one patient. Discontinuation of insulin for alternative treatments resulted in life-threatening ketoacidosis in at least one case and development of serious retinopathy in another patient. Multiple alternative diabetic treatments including homeopathy, reflexology, meditation, herbal treatment, and others are being used despite lack of evidence for their efficacy in managing diabetes.
How strong is this evidence?
This is a case study and we rate its evidence preliminary. It covers 12 participants. It was published in Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association. This study is indexed here for context; it did not test reflexology itself.
Related Research
The Effect of Foot Reflexology Massage on Neuropathic Pain in Women With Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
Comprehensive review on diabetic foot ulcers and neuropathy: Treatment, prevention and management.
Effect of Foot Reflexology on Capillary Blood Glucose, Tissue Temperature, and Plantar Pressure of Individuals With Diabetes Mellitus (Type 2): A Pilot Study.
Effect of Foot Reflexology on Muscle Electrical Activity, Pressure, Plantar Distribution, and Body Sway in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.
Effect of reflexology on ankle brachial index, diabetic peripheral neuropathy, and glycemic control in older adults with diabetes: A randomized controlled trial.
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