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Impact of Foot Reflexology Massage on Postoperative Pain Management and Physical Outcomes in Children: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Authors: Ay Ali, Sarman Abdullah, Tuncay SuatJournal: Journal of perianesthesia nursing : official journal of the American Society of PeriAnesthesia NursesPublished: January 28, 2026DOI: 10.1016/j.jopan.2025.09.004
Strong EvidenceRandomized Controlled Trialn=84 participants

In Plain Language: reflexology for high blood pressure, explained

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of foot reflexology on postoperative pain control and physical parameters in children. This study is a randomized controlled experimental study. The sample included 84 children who received postoperative care in a pediatric surgery clinic. The children in the experimental group underwent foot reflexology for 15 minutes (7.5 minutes on each foot) 1 hour after surgery. Data were collected using a Descriptive Information Form, Physical Parameter Evaluation Form, and Wong-Baker Faces Pain Scale. Statistical analyses included number, percentage, independent-samples t test, and paired t test. The mean age of both groups was equal due to randomization. In the experimental group, 71.4% were male, while in the control group, 78.6% were male, with no significant gender distribution difference between the groups. Postoperative pain in immediately after surgery period (pre test) scores was similar when groups compared. After reflexology, the experimental group had significantly lower pain scores compared with the control group. Reflexology also significantly affected blood pressure, pulse rate, and respiratory rate, but had no significant effect on saturation and body temperature. Foot reflexology applied after surgery alleviated pain and influenced blood pressure, pulse rate, and respiratory rate in children.

Key Findings: what this randomised trial found about high blood pressure

  • ✓Foot reflexology was administered to the experimental group for 15 minutes (7.5 minutes per foot) at 1 hour post-surgery in children undergoing pediatric surgical procedures.
  • ✓The study included 84 children randomized into experimental and control groups with comparable baseline characteristics including mean age and gender distribution (approximately 71-79% male).
  • ✓Postoperative pain scores were similar between groups immediately after surgery before the reflexology intervention was applied.

What This Means for You

If you're considering reflexology for a child's postoperative pain, this rigorous study provides solid evidence that it may help reduce pain and calm vital signs, though results are specific to the immediate post-surgery period.

What This Means for Practitioners

A 15-minute foot reflexology protocol applied one hour post-surgery shows measurable benefits for pediatric pain management and vital sign stabilization, offering a practical intervention to incorporate into postoperative care.

Study Design: how this randomised trial was run

Sample Size
84 participants
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Reflexology for high blood pressure: common questions

Does reflexology help with high blood pressure?

If you're considering reflexology for a child's postoperative pain, this rigorous study provides solid evidence that it may help reduce pain and calm vital signs, though results are specific to the immediate post-surgery period.

What did this study find?

Foot reflexology was administered to the experimental group for 15 minutes (7.5 minutes per foot) at 1 hour post-surgery in children undergoing pediatric surgical procedures. The study included 84 children randomized into experimental and control groups with comparable baseline characteristics including mean age and gender distribution (approximately 71-79% male). Postoperative pain scores were similar between groups immediately after surgery before the reflexology intervention was applied.

How strong is this evidence?

This is a randomised trial and we rate its evidence strong. It covers 84 participants. It was published in Journal of perianesthesia nursing : official journal of the American Society of PeriAnesthesia Nurses. Reflexology is a complementary therapy, not a replacement for medical treatment.

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